Verilog if statement in case. The event is defined by a sensitivity list.

Verilog if statement in case Nov 16, 2022 · Using if-else Statements Example of if-else Statement (VHDL) Using case Statements Example of case Statement (VHDL) Using for-loop Statements Example of for-loop Statement (VHDL) VHDL Sequential Logic Sequential Process With a Sensitivity List Syntax Asynchronous Control Logic Modelization Clock Event Statements Missing Signals. Dec 3, 2023 · Understanding the case statement in SystemVerilog is essential for writing complex digital designs. 17 hours ago · 2025-11-24 Mastering the Verilog case Statement: Syntax, Examples, and Best Practices 1. Nov 12, 2015 · Case and Conditional Statements are available in both VHDL and Verilog. Master logic synthesis with ease. May 9, 2020 · If there is an else statement and expression is false, the else statement shall be executed. A reg in Verilog is just like a variable in any software language; its value will be whatever value that was assigned to it last. Do you see what the problem is? My code is attached below: See full list on chipverify. Syntax inside {} // Inverted 'insi In this verilog tutorial video "case " statement uses has been explained in simple and detailed way. In a casez statement, a Z means don't care; in a casex statement, a Z or an X means don't care, eg casez (in) 4'b0000, 4'b00z1: ; // 0 and 1,3 4'b0101, 4'b0110, 4'b0111: ; // 5,6,7 default: ; endcase or, because a ? is an exact synonym Feb 28, 2017 · OutReg is a reg. If statement The if statement in Verilog is a sequential statement that conditionally executes other sequential statements, depending upon the value of some condition. Case statement does not cover all cases A case statement should cover all options, either enumerating all options explicitly or with a default clause (rule 8). ) Verilog `ifdef `elsif Example The following example has two display statements inside separate `ifdef scopes which does not have a default `else part to it. Syntax of Case Statements The basic syntax of a case statement in Verilog is as follows: Has anyone had noticed if there is a difference in Fmax when one is to code their design using if-else vs case statements? In the past, we were taught to avoid if-else statements as it will result in priority-based implementation and higher combinational level. Covers common mistakes, differences from case statements, and practical applications for efficient digital design. Failing something like the above you just test for the first set bit in a for-loop and then decode that result. Sep 16, 2024 · Here are detailed explanations of examples of conditional statements in Verilog, including if, else, else if, and case statements. Conditional statements are classified into three 17 hours ago · Learn how to use if-else statements in Verilog for combinational and sequential logic. The default statement is optional and should be used only once. Sep 19, 2015 · SystemVerilog unique and priority keywords are designed to address improperly coded case and if statements. We already have a view of the conditional statement in the previous blog, but let’s see with more explanation. Oct 11, 2020 · Learn how to use two of the most common sequential statements in verilog programming - the if statement and the case statement Using case statement and if-else at the same time? I am trying to write Verilog HDL behavioral description of the machine specified in the state diagram below. The behavior is the same as in Verilog. Similarly, an incomplete case statement, that does not have a default statement can also infer to latch. Apr 30, 2024 · Explore our guide on Conditional Statements in Verilog for efficient coding techniques in digital design. If else and Case statement in verilogWhile studying Verilog HDL, due to lack of synthesis knowledge , unable to understand if-else statements and a case st In addition to the regular case statements, verilog provides two variations casez and casex. In normal case statement, the case expression needs to EXACTLY match Aug 31, 2025 · Verilogのcase文を基礎から応用まで徹底解説！基本構文、応用例、if-else文との比較、トラブルシューティング、FAQを網羅した初心者にもわかりやすい完全ガイド。 Hi, Verilog combinatorial "always" blocks use blocking assignments "=". The verilog case statement, comes handy in such cases. We will first look at the usage of the case statement and then learn about its syntax and variations. To make them apply to multiple statements, we need to wrap those statements in begin - end blocks (just like {} in C). . In simpler words, using these statements, the execution of specific code lines can be controlled using some conditions. This article discusses their usage. This is useful in order to make all the following clauses active only if the first condition isn’t met. And this is about logical operators to combine multiple conditions in one expression: Aug 20, 2025 · Understand Verilog conditional statements and apply them to FSMs, ALUs, and simulation environments without introducing latches. Verilog - Statements and Loops ¶ Behavioral statements are declared inside an always or initial block. While they may look similar, each is better suited for different use cases. 5: The case item expressions shall be evaluated and compared in the exact order in which they are given. The Verilog case statement does an identity comparison (like the === operator); one can use the case statement to check for logic x and z values as shown in the example below. Dec 14, 2021 · 1 begin/end keywords are mandatory when you have multiple statements within an always block. However, in your 2nd always block, you have 3 top-level if statements, which means you need to group them together inside begin/end. But with the advancement in our compiler/EDA tool, is this still the case now? Aug 16, 2023 · Case Statement in Verilog Like C/C++ or any other programming languages, Verilog has case keywords which we can use to describe a hardware or use it in verifying the hardware. Jun 9, 2016 · 10 You can't. Introduction Verilog is one of the Hardware Description Languages (HDL) widely used for digital circuit design. So, the focus is on full_case and parallel_case directives. An if statement may optionally contain an else part, executed if the condition is false. For example a typical use case would be for a N:1 mux. The question mark is known in Verilog as a conditional operator though in other programming languages it also is referred to as a ternary operator, an inline if, or a ternary if. If the macro either MACRO is defined, the corresponding display message is included and will be displayed during simulation Procedural Assignments Executes a procedure allowing for more powerful constructs such as if-then-else and case statement. 6 days ago · In this case an if keyword binds to the next closest else keyword. I think you intended these to be binary, but I don't see any 3'b in front of them, such as 3'b000, 3'b001, 3'b010. Verilog provides two types of conditional statements, namely Jun 10, 2022 · I am using case statement to write my Verilog logic. parameter divider 17 hours ago · In Verilog, conditional branching can be achieved using either if statements or case statements. Oct 26, 2025 · Learn how to use if-else statements in Verilog for combinational and sequential logic. Sep 13, 2015 · Verilog defines three different versions of case statement: case, casez, casex. The other places where a generate if/case statement is useful is in a "generate for" block. (As in, I've never tried and looked at the elaborated design when doing it, so I don't know. The above assign operator works as follows: If val == 2'b00, assign x to the value of a. Jun 28, 2024 · Using if-else Statements Example of if-else Statement (VHDL) Using case Statements Example of case Statement (VHDL) Using for-loop Statements Example of for-loop Statement (VHDL) VHDL Sequential Logic Sequential Process With a Sensitivity List Syntax Asynchronous Control Logic Modelization Clock Event Statements Missing Signals Oct 26, 2025 · In Verilog, conditional branching can be achieved using either if statements or case statements. Conditional statements in a programming language help to branch the execution of code depending on some condition. If more that once cases should be associated with the same statement, they can be given in a comma separated list: Jun 17, 2021 · The verilog case statement performs the same function as the switch statement in the C programming language. Conditional statements are used to base decisions on certain criteria. The code snippet below shows the general syntax for the case statement in SystemVerilog. Oct 26, 2025 · Learn how to use the Verilog case statement effectively with syntax, code examples, and design tips. I've written the code of the circuit with a module and it compiles Jun 29, 2020 · The case-inside statement is a good candidate for “the one true way” to write selection logic in Verilog for at least three reasons: It eliminates the need for a casez statement. Syntax of Case Statements The basic syntax of a case statement in Verilog is as follows: I need to use a case statement with the control signal being 4 bits. Statements inside an always block are executed sequentially. Coming from a software background, I generally try to avoid these statements but I was wondering if they are acceptable in industry with verilog or systemverilog? Jun 11, 2025 · Using if-else Statements Example of if-else Statement (VHDL) Using case Statements Example of case Statement (VHDL) Using for-loop Statements Example of for-loop Statement (VHDL) VHDL Sequential Logic Sequential Process With a Sensitivity List Syntax Asynchronous Control Logic Modelization Clock Event Statements Missing Signals Mar 17, 2025 · In Verilog, a case statement includes all of the code between the Verilog keywords, case ("casez", "casex"), and endcase. There are several types of case statements, including case, casez, and casex, each with its own syntax and usage. However, we still have to be careful about the Learn how to use if else if constructs in verilog with example Jul 10, 2021 · Synthesis tools recognize specific Verilog coding patterns, but your case code does not match any of those patterns, whereas your if/else code does. Feb 10, 2021 · I'm trying to understand how non-blocking statements interact with certain procedural statements in Verilog. A case item contains a list of one or more case item expressions, separated by comma, and the case item statement. A general discussion of these statements can be found here . Understand how to use if, else if, and case statements for making decisions and creating conditional behaviors in Verilog designs. According to the Verilog-2001 spec, section 9. So this means that by default nothing will be displayed. Syntax ofContinue reading "case statement" Nov 16, 2020 · Learn how to write efficient verilog by creating reusable code using parameters and if generate, for generate and case generate statements. First, we'll see how to use this to describe a hardware. We had earlier written a simple multiplexer. The following is the Verilog code; 1 m A case statement in SystemVerilog is a multi-way branch statement used to select one out of several blocks of code based on the value of an expression. Finally, we explored two additional code examples (If-Else and Case) to provide a comprehensive overview of the different approaches and strategies for generating blocks in Verilog with if-else The structure of a case statements might suggest a parallel and independent evaluation of cases when thinking of a case statement like the decision tree, it may seem that the order does not matter This is natural when previous experience with case statement involve simple conditional matches to one condition 3 I have a wire to which I assign a complex right-hand-side expression with lots of bitwise operations. Therefore when asking for Verilog help with out specifying the version (95,2001,2005) I think it is reasonable to include syhtesizable parts SystemVerilog which is essentially Verilog 2009, 2012. This operator Dec 6, 2019 · Will system verilog correctly evaluate the statements controlling var1 and 2 before assigning them into var3 or does it treat if statements within an always_ff as non-blocking? A SystemVerilog case statement checks whether an expression matches one of a number of expressions and branches appropriately. An if-else statement is considered "incomplete" if the one of the condition is not defined for all possible input conditions. In your circuit, you do not wish to change the value of OutReg if De is not 1'b1, therefore you do not need to assign any new value to OutReg in that case. These criteria are used to determine whether or not to execute a statement. In Verilog, if you want wildcards in your case statement, you have to use either casez or casex. It serves as a shorthand way of writing an if-else statement. We saw that the Verilog “Casex” and “Casez” statements can simplify the code when there are don’t-care values in our truth table. Synthesizers support "parallel-case" and "full-case" for verilog, which tell the tools that the cases are mutually exclusive (parallel case). Jan 29, 2014 · Verilog became SystemVerilog in 2009, as there will be no new Verilog standards. In your 1st always block, you don't need begin/end since the case statement is considered a single statement. From the point of view of a person reading Verilog code, personally, I find it easier to 'get' that someone intended for a particular block of code to be a mux when they use a case statement over an if. If I have the following block of code inside a module input clk; . A case statement tests and expression and then enumerates what actions should be taken for the various values that expression can take. Verilog provides two types of conditional statements, namely Case statements are an essential part of control flow in SystemVerilog, allowing us to execute different parts of the code depending on the value of an expression. May 21, 2023 · A reminder to self: As the title implies, it’s OK to have an empty statement in Verilog. May 31, 2017 · @Saad Bin Shafique, I use "if" statements within case statements all the time without a problem, so I don't think that's what's going on in your code. Case statements provide a clean, readable way to represent multiple conditional operations. Yes, there is a priority, based off of the order. The first is use an always block which doesn't have edge sensitivity as shown below. Behavioral modelling provides high level abstraction so that the circuit can be designed by programming its functionality. Verilog does not do fall through in case statements. Among its features, the case statement is an essential construct for efficiently desc […] I have to build a circuit of an arithmetic right shift operator in verilog and include it in a verilog code of a simple computer. Syntax always @ (event) [statement] always @ (event) begin [multiple statements] end The always block is executed at some particular event. They are useful to check one input signal against many combinations. Before we try to understand casex and casez, we need to understand that there are 4 types of logic levels and in verilog 0 - logic zero 1 - logic one, z - high impedance state. I also believe that in Verilog the if-else statement not used generally. The event is defined by a sensitivity list. How did you know you were instantiating a mux without if or switch statements? Only other option I can think of in verilog is maybe ternary operator, but then I'm not sure if stringing together ternary statements instantiates a mux bigger than 2-1. They differ in the way they treat don't cares. There are several types of conditional statements in Verilog listed below. I have multiple cases of those 4 bits doing the same operation, how do I make the code more concise? For ex: casez (fbe) // In Verilog, this concept is realized by the assign statement where any wire or other similar wire like data-types can be driven continuously with a value. Mar 17, 2025 · In Verilog, a case statement includes all of the code between the Verilog keywords, case ("casez", "casex"), and endcase. You have two choices if you don't want to use ternary conditionals. Sigasi Visual HDL (SVH) has a number of checks on Verilog case statements. If the macro either MACRO is defined, the corresponding display message is included and will be displayed during simulation One question I have is I’ve noticed some online sources have HDL “code” that includes break and continue statements. Feel free to use whichever you want. I wanted to know if we can AND multiple variables in the case's control expression. x - unknown logic value - can be 0,1,z or transition. The Verilog Case Statement The structure of a case statements might suggest a parallel and independent evaluation of cases However, case statements are equivalent to if-else decision trees Logic is implied by a priority that is expressed by the order or the statements The Verilog case statement does an identity comparison (like the === operator); one can use the case statement to check for logic x and z values as shown in the example below. 13. Basic building block Usage We can use if-else statement to describe a combinational circuit, finite state machine, and testing a circuit. SystemVerilog Case Statement – Verilog Example The Verilog Case Statement works exactly the way that a switch statement in C works. This can simplify complex logic and improve readability. 1 day ago · If the needed case is not found, then no statements are executed. In comparison to the methods we discussed in the post on modelling combinational logic in verilog, this provides a simpler and more intuitive way of modelling large multiplexors. com What are If-Else and Case Statements in Verilog Programming Language? In Verilog, if-else and case statements are essential control flow constructs used to implement conditional logic in hardware designs. Oct 26, 2025 · Learn how to use the Verilog case statement for efficient conditional branching in digital circuit design. There should be documentation with your tool set that shows what syntax is supported for synthesis. The case statement starts with a case or casex or casez keyword followed by the case expression (in parenthesis) and case items or default statement. Eliminating casez Has anyone had noticed if there is a difference in Fmax when one is to code their design using if-else vs case statements? In the past, we were taught to avoid if-else statements as it will result in priority-based implementation and higher combinational level. Sep 16, 2014 · Is there a way in Verilog or SystemVerilog to insert generate statement inside case statement to generate all the possible input combinations. Sep 9, 2012 · I'm trying to translate a Verilog program into VHDL and have stumbled across a statement where a question mark (?) operator is used in the Verilog program. This can also be used inside if and other conditional statements in addition to being used as a constraint. Try fixing it in your code and see if it helps. The case statement is similar to a switch statement in C, but it has some important differences. Coming from a software background, I generally try to avoid these statements but I was wondering if they are acceptable in industry with verilog or systemverilog? Jun 11, 2025 · Using if-else Statements Example of if-else Statement (VHDL) Using case Statements Example of case Statement (VHDL) Using for-loop Statements Example of for-loop Statement (VHDL) VHDL Sequential Logic Sequential Process With a Sensitivity List Syntax Asynchronous Control Logic Modelization Clock Event Statements Missing Signals Within both Verilog and SystemVerilog, if the case expression matches a case item, the case item expression is executed and there is an implied break that causes the case statement to skip testing all of the trailing case items, which raises the question, how does a priority keyword change the implementation of the design if a case statement Jan 6, 2023 · I thought that verilog is more simple to interpret the code. The development of SystemVerilog, which began as a combination of Verilog and hardware verification languages, has completely changed the field of electronic design automation (EDA). May 24, 2019 · I want to describe large multiplexer with over 200 cases and each case containinig tens of values. In general, case should not have don't care and its behavior is not synthesizable in case of don't cares. The same is true for a "generate case" statement. The reason is that it does implement the === operator to compare conditions. But your case numbers, 001, 010, etc . Aug 19, 2021 · Case and nested case statements in Verilog Ask Question Asked 4 years, 3 months ago Modified 4 years, 3 months ago Feb 26, 2013 · Ordinarily Verilog would complain about the non-constant bit slice width but since it's within a generate loop it might work. If multiple cases are found that match, the first one found is used (they are tried in order). I believe there is a variant on a case statement that allows you to give multiple conditions for the same block. Description The case statement starts with a case or casex or casez keyword followed by the case expression (in parenthesis) and case items or default statement. This rule is checked for enum types only, not for scalar or vector types. All State Machines can be partitioned into a combinatorial and sequential parts. An always block is one of the procedural blocks in Verilog. Covers syntax, casex vs casez, practical code examples, FSM implementation, and key pitfalls to avoid. Oct 26, 2025 · Learn how to use if statements in Verilog HDL with clear syntax, examples, and best practices. Improve readability, optimize FSMs and ALUs, and avoid common errors in digital circuit design. These are considered as significant features of behavioral modelling, be it in VHDL or Verilog. Also, while I know this is a trivial module, and somewhat of a design preference, in a more complex design I believe you should also add a default case which assigns the output to X. However in Verilog the ? operator is a very useful one, but it does take a bit of getting used to. The value can either be a constant or an expression comprising of a group of signals. These examples illustrate how each type of conditional statement can be used to control the flow of execution in a Verilog design. We will often code these two pieces in separate code blocks, but they may also be combined. Conditional Operator (?:) The conditional operator (?:), also known as the ternary operator, is a unique operator in SystemVerilog that takes three operands: a condition, a value if the condition is true, and a value if the condition is false. Covers syntax, coding examples, latch avoidance, case vs if-else, and design best practices for FPGA and ASIC development. In sequential: non-blocking "<=". The correct syntax to use a parameter to control the structure of your design is a "generate if" statement - this is a structural statement (and hence can be used outside a behavioral block). Hence, you don't need the else. If either of the operands of logical-equality (==) or logical-inequality (!=) is X or Z, then the result will be X. Aug 13, 2019 · In Verilog you don't have case inside - that is SystemVerilog. The syntax is as follows: condition ? value_if_true : value_if_false. Verilog Equality Operators Equality operators have the same precedence amongst them and are lower in precedence than relational operators. A case statement should always be in an always or initial block. Jan 31, 2019 · This article examined the use of the Verilog “If” and “Case” statements for describing a combinational circuit. For example: 0: out = in0; 1: out = in1; 2: out = in2; 3: out = in3; Oct 22, 2020 · ‘ Case’ statements in verilog or VHDL are more efficient than using ‘ if-else ‘ statements for parallel processing of data because ‘if-else’ can generate long combinatorial chains (priority scheme) of logic that can cause difficulties meeting timing. 17 hours ago · Learn how to use if statements in Verilog HDL with clear syntax, examples, and best practices. The SystemVerilog ‘If’ statement is a conditional statement based on which decision is made whether to execute lines inside if block or not. Some example cases: 9000 - 9029 : addr <= 0; 9030 - 9065 : addr <= 1; 9066 - 9131 : addr &l Dec 21, 2024 · Explore everything about the switch case in Verilog: syntax, applications, practical examples, and best practices for efficient hardware design. In a casez statement, a Z means don't care; in a casex statement, a Z or an X means don't care, eg casez (in) 4'b0000, 4'b00z1: ; // 0 and 1,3 4'b0101, 4'b0110, 4'b0111: ; // 5,6,7 default: ; endcase or, because a ? is an exact synonym A comprehensive tutorial on the SystemVerilog Generate construct with a ton of useful examples. This right-hand-side expression is quickly becoming long and hard to maintain. It ends with the endcase keyword. Conditional Operator <variable> = <condition> ? <expression_1> : <expression_2>; The conditional operator allows you to assign a value to a variable based on a condition. Learn to use Verilog case statement for multiplexing and decision-making in digital designs, with syntax examples and practical comparisons. Given an input, the statement looks at each possible condition to find one that the input signal satisfies. So, it matches x to x and z to z exactly. A complete if-else statement refers to the Jul 16, 2020 · In this case, we can use a construct known as the case statement to model the multiplexor. Jan 13, 2023 · Could be multiple reasons or no reason at all :) For example it could be a remnant of some longer code involving negative numbers as well, so the + s were added for visual consistency. I am using if-else statements inside a case statement, and this gives me syntax errors regarding those lines. The case statement in verilog has a given expression and it is checked with case item expression and the statement or group of statements are executed on matching. case statement is also called conditional statements in Aug 12, 2021 · Learn how to write SystemVerilog which can be reused across multiple designs by using parameters and generate statements. There are three possible statements, if-else case and loop. This article explains their differences and when to use each of them. It is analogous to the switch-case construct in programming languages like C or Java. reg a; reg [5:0] b; reg c; case (a & b) 1'b0 & 6' Sep 16, 2014 · Is there a way in Verilog or SystemVerilog to insert generate statement inside case statement to generate all the possible input combinations. It’s usually recommended to use a “Casez” rather than a “Casex” statement. If the condition is true, expression_1 is Learn about conditional statements in Verilog with this detailed tutorial. this allows odd constructs like "case 1'b1" which can have cases that correspond to expressions. Jul 10, 2011 · Verilog's case statement is an if-else style. May 7, 2020 · 7 there are 3 different case statements in verilog: case, casex, and casez. May 14, 2024 · Case Statements in SystemVerilog: SystemVerilog is a titan among programming languages when it comes to hardware design and verification, luring engineers and developers with its powerful features. You may use case-equality operator (===) or case-inequality operator (!==) to match including X and 17 hours ago · Learn how to use the Verilog case statement effectively with syntax, code examples, and design tips. The inside keyword in SystemVerilog allows to check if a given value lies within the range specified using the inside phrase. Is there a way I could replace the bitwise operations by if/else or case statements to help readability and maintability? However, in Verilog, if statements only apply to the statement immediately preceding them (just like in C). if-else statement For conditional statements, the keywords if and else are used. A case statement can be a select-one-of-many construct that is roughly like Associate in nursing if-else-if statement. It provides a more elegant way to enumerate cases. Thanks, Evgeni Nov 13, 2015 · An incomplete if-else statement will generate unwanted latches. Of course there are some things you can do with the case statement that you can't do with the if/else if. Apr 28, 2021 · case statement syntax allows for specifying multiple case item values separated by commas: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8: begin // your code end That will be quite Oct 3, 2011 · Yes you can use case statement within else if statement in Verilog format. The case item Both can infer muxes, but neither is guaranteed to always infer a mux. The result is 1 if true, and 0 if false. If the synthesizer took these to be decimals, and you only fed your case statement with Aug 18, 2025 · Discover how Verilog’s control flow helps create modular and scalable RTL using case, if, and loop constructs. The assign operator works as such: Assign my value to other values based upon if certain conditions are true. (VHDL is different because the case statement in VHDL is far more restrictive than its counterpart in Verilog/SystemVerilog). What is the sensitivity list ? Introduction Procedural statements in verilog are coded by following statements initial : enable this statement at the beginning of simulation and execute it only once final : do this statement once at the end of simulation, new in SystemVerilog always : always_comb, always_latch, always_ff, new in SystemVerilog task : do these statements whenever the task is called function : do these Dec 17, 2020 · Case statements in VHDL and (System)Verilog In programming languages, case (or switch) statements are used as a conditional statement in which a selection is made based on different values of a particular variable or expression. In the case of the FF it looks like there is "if" which works like multiplexer or this "if" works like D-flipflop but what gates should I use it should show me which gates to use I We assume that you understand case (casez, casex) statement as well as if-else statement. A comprehensive tutorial on the SystemVerilog Generate construct with a ton of useful examples. There are few thing we Guide to Case Statements in Verilog Programming Case statements are a crucial part of control statements in Verilog, allowing designers to execute different code segments based on the value of a variable. The assign statement serves as a conditional block like an if statement you are probably used to in popular programming languages such as C or C++. In Verilog, conditional statements are used to control the flow of execution based on certain conditions. During the linear search, if one of the case item expressions matches the case expression given in parentheses, then the statement associated with that case item shall be executed. It makes X-propagation easier to implement correctly. Syntax A Verilog case statement starts with the case keyword and ends with the endcase keyword. When the number of the nesting grows, it becomes difficult to understand the if else statement. Aug 7, 2012 · I don't believe that it would necessarily generate any worse path than the case statement, given even trivial compiler optimization. What do I mean is : case = multiplexer so it's synthezis will show me how the gates must be connected. Welcome to our Verilog tutorial series! In this video, we dive deep into the world of selection statements in Verilog, a crucial aspect of digital design and Aug 31, 2025 · Verilogでは、条件分岐を記述する方法として「if文」と「case文」があります。それぞれの特徴と適用シーンを理解することで、効率的なコーディングが可能になります。 Table of Contents Lecture 08 – Verilog Case-Statement Based State Machines Table of Contents References Slide Audience Finite State Machine (FSM) Finite State Machine with Datapath Book’s FSM Hardware Implementation Components of a modeling/description language for FSM ∘ ^\circ ∘ Software and Hardware ∘ ^\circ ∘ 4 Rules of Proper One question I have is I’ve noticed some online sources have HDL “code” that includes break and continue statements. qzx alshfs oqum decw ffuiik eim rliatyw bhdak cahq xrom qxmkg damemld ibaaq qvxozs ghuh