Redcap api This document covers the technical aspects of REDCap, such as the software requirements, best practices, and options for hosting REDCap at your institution. We use the term “import” in the sense described in R for Data Science which is to “take data stored in a file, database, or web application programming interface (API), and load it redcapAPI: Interface to 'REDCap' Access data stored in 'REDCap' databases using the Application Programming Interface (API). This link provides access to the list of users on your projects, monitor their access (including API tokens), and The REDCap Shared Library is a repository for REDCap data collection instruments and forms that can be downloaded and used by researchers at REDCap partner institutions. REDCap is a secure web application for building and managing online surveys and databases. Will be created in a DATA step. More details and documents about the mobile app can be found below. The REDCapR package streamlines calls to the REDCap API from an R environment. REDCap won't include fields like the record_id if they're not on the form being requested, despite the May 5, 2025 · PyCap is a python module exposing the REDCap API through some helpful abstractions. I want to make a post request to the API to get some information and store it in a csv file. This library supports all supported API methods in REDCap Jan 29, 2016 · In collaboration with the Harvard Catalyst | The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center, REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) is a free, secure, HIPAA compliant web-based application hosted by Mass General Brigham Digital Research Applications Team. REDCap provides: We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. At UCSF, REDCap is currently in production use or development build-status for nearly Responsible for all API methods under 'Metadata' in the API Playground Source code in redcap/methods/metadata. Reading This section examines potential problems that occur after data leaves a working server, but before it is handled by their programming language (e. Other export functions all wrap this in some form. Nov 14, 2025 · Download a REDCap XML file (containing metadata & data) Extract all records into Tableau via the REDCap API Download PDF of Instrument Find this tool/feature in a drop-down button, when you open a instrument/form for an individual record. The long list is then subsetted into batches, whose sizes are determined by the batch_size parameter. It is only open to registered REDCap administrators from current partner sites. in SMPH Research Applications Resources The REDCap Team at Vanderbilt keeps track of various support resources for REDCap software. Whether you're a researcher automating data pulls or a developer building integrations, redcaplite keeps things simple and efficient. The DTS supports only data coming into REDCap from a source system (whereas the API supports both data import and export). REDCap’s developers firmly believed that nobody could know the research as well as the researcher class Records(Base): """Responsible for all API methods under 'Records' in the API Playground""" def _backfill_fields(self, fields: Optional[List[str]], forms: Optional[List[str]]): """ Properly backfill fields to explicitly request the primary keys and "form_complete" fields of the project. CSV output file to contain the exported data Please change this to the location and file name you would need***; REDCap's API has a number of "methods" Each method has a purpose like: Export records Import records Upload a data dictionary Check the API application in any project for the full list of available methods You need appropriate user rights to view this application and the methods list Methods have options to fine tune what they do: Format 1) REDCap connector2) REDCap API3) Connection00:00 Introduction00:16 Create API in REDCap00:42 Download connector from github02:10 Getting the URL02:32 Creat Here is a collection of REDCap training videos, demos from our weekly REDZone sessions, and videos from other institutions who are using REDCap. in SMPH Research Applications Jun 8, 2025 · README. NOTE: New versions of REDCap are released frequently, so the videos and other training resources below may reflect earlier software versions and thus may look slightly different than your system. API based import (search API in this form for more information about the API tools, or go to the REDCap API Playground) Notes on Manual Import: Each project’s import structure is available in REDCap via the menu applications --> Data Import Tool REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) is a secure web application for building and managing online surveys and databases. 30 MB limit on the file or unmodified Here is a summary of REDCap Importing options. We will be using each of these packages to provide examples of different import and export options throughout this guide. From an external perspective, this function is similar to redcap_read_oneshot(). For increased security, the app additionally verifies the SSL When TRUE, prevents the REDCap import and instead returns the data frame that would have been given for import. However, REDCap is also suitable for administrative and educational data, workflow tracking, quality improvement, bio-banking, registries, and non-human research. Download the individual instrument/form with or without data. REDCap API is used to make applications, websites, widgets, and other API Connection to External Application If the API will be used to remotely connect an external application to REDCap, the REDCap Team creates a new user account, referred, to as service account, that will be owned by the token requester, solely for the purpose of connecting the application to REDCap through the API for the application to perform an automated job (s) to import or export data We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. It is the primary interface to the API. Luckily there is a faster way: use Redcap's API! R and Python both have packages that make it easy to work with REDCap’s API. Manual Import into a via a CSV (or excel file saved as a CSV). I’m going to demonstrate simple API usage in python using the wonderful requests library. May 8, 2024 · Hello I downloaded the code from GitHub and save it in the recommended location. The REDCap API implements the use of tokens as a means of authenticating and validating all API requests that are received. 1. Mar 31, 2021 · We want to automate data downloads from multiple REDCap project spaces. REDCap External Module that allows project administrators to schedule email notifications (every minute, hourly, daily, weekly or monthly) to one or more recipients summarizing record creation through REDCap API, i. Jan 30, 2024 · I have an . An API is just a defined way for external applications to connect to REDCap remotely, and is used for programmatically retrieving or modifying data or settings within REDCap, such as performing automated data imports/exports to/from a specified REDCap Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) is a secure, HIPAA-compliant, web application specifically geared to support online and offline data collection and data management for research studies and operations. NET platform to make http calls to REDCap instances. Explore the API methods, functions, and best practices with the API Playground and documentation. One of REDCapR’s main uses is to import records from a REDCap project. REDCap API is used to make applications, websites, widgets, and other projects that interact with REDCap. This library allows applications on the . Vanderbilt’s REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) is a secure, 21 CFR Part 11 compliant web application for building and managing online surveys and databases. Jun 20, 2017 · API is an acronym of "Application Programming Interface", which in English translates as a mechanism via which you may interact with a system (in this case REDCap) from a program, rather than via the regular web-browser interface. I’ve try “pip install --upgrade certifi” but REDCap, a secure tool to securely build and manage online clinical research databases and survey forms. An API allows one program to request data from another program. I am trying to export data from RedCap using an API however each time I execute the script it indicates that there is an SSI certificate issue “[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: unable to get local issuer certificate (_ssl. redcap_project_info_read: Export project information. Download all instruments/forms with or redcap_read() internally uses multiple calls to redcap_read_oneshot() to select and return data. Therefore, as with all REDCap API requests, data transmitted to/from the app is done using a secure, encrypted transmission (SSL/HTTPS). We need to securely include the REDCap API calls and authentication tokens in our shared code to ensure anyone can run the code without using or seeing unique API tokens assigned to someone else. csv, . REDCap is then queried for all variables of the subset's subjects. This library supports all supported API methods in REDCap We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. You will need to have API export rights for the REDCap project you are looking to export into an R data package. Our staff oversee Vanderbilt’s primary REDCap system (redcap. While REDCap can be used to collect virtually any type of data in any environment (including compliance with 21 CFR Part 11, FISMA, HIPAA, and GDPR), it is specifically geared to support online and offline data capture for research studies and operations. It originally supported a small group of clinical researchers who needed a secure data collection tool that met HIPAA compliance standards. REDCap is a secure web platform for building and managing online databases and surveys. Returns a tibble::tibble(). REDCap quickly became their go-to method for supporting both single and multi-site research studies. API based import (search API in this form for more information about the API tools, or go to the REDCap API Playground) Notes on Manual Import: Each project’s import structure is available in REDCap via the menu applications --> Data Import REDCap and it's API have a large number of options and choices, with such complexity the possibility of bugs increases as well. REDCap Application Programming Interface (REDCap API) provides SAS users with the option to import and export data, files, and database settings The REDCap API and the brilliant R developers made things possible. Is there option to filter using DataAccessGroups? There is filterLogic option but when I t We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The REDCap API is an interface that allows external applications to connect to REDCap remotely. REDCap is a secure, web-based application for building and managing online surveys and data collection forms. There are over 7,000 institutions and 3 million users of REDCap worldwide collecting data. Here we list the most important ones (in our opinion), and give an indication of how to access them via redcaptools. Here is a summary of REDCap Importing options. Feb 25, 2019 · Here is a summary of REDCap Importing options. Especially with large, multi-year projects, it can be challenging to extract and process data from REDCap. Is the API Playground producing the expected result? REDCap’s “API Playground” holds your hand by (a) offering a Exporting Data from REDCap How-To Guide Exporting Data from REDCap – How-To Guide This module allows you to easily export all your project’s data to Microsoft Excel, SAS, Stata, R, or SPSS for analysis (if you have such user rights privileges). There are over 7,000 institutions and 3 million users of REDCap worldwide collecting data REDCap API Library for . If you want to check your inputs and outputs in the HTTP/S realm, you might try using https://httpbin. redcaplite makes it easy to connect to your REDCap project and perform common operations with minimal code. e. Mar 29, 2024 · We hope to clearly illustrate the relationship between the data structures within REDCap (question type, instruments, events etc. Feb 13, 2018 · Learn how to use the REDCap Application Programming Interface (API) to automate data import, export, and communication with the REDCap mobile app. May 22, 2020 · Learn how to use REDCap API to connect to REDCap remotely and perform data imports/exports, and how to use Data Entry Trigger to notify a remote system of data changes. redcap_export_tbl is the real workhorse of redcaptools. , Python and R). PyCap is an interface to the REDCap Application Programming Interface (API). Deidentified Batched Calls Batched calls to the API are not a feature of the REDCap API, but may be imposed by making multiple calls to the API. These resources can be used for anyone – end user or administrator – learning to use REDCap. An API (Application Programming Interface) token is a unique code that is associated with a single user on a specific REDCap project. This works well for simple projects, however becomes ugly when complex databases that include longitudinal structure and/or repeating Using R Tutorials and examples Import data from REDCap A large amount of the projects I currently work on store their data on REDCap. Extends the REDCap API to facilitate locking and unlocking of instruments for a record. Postman is a Chrome plugin recommended by several people that makes troubleshooting much more efficient. Jul 17, 2019 · rights which in REDCap. Lastly, we provide code samples in R and Python to effectively interact with the REDCap features that the API provides. API Playground The API playground is an interface that lets you experiment with the REDCap API without writing code. Introduction The University of Michigan REDCap (Academic License) software supports the usage of the REDCap API (Application Programming Interface). One principal goal is to get data into memory using base R in a format that is analysis ready with a minimum of function calls. REDCap’s easy design environment allows you to quickly create data capture forms with features like a built-in audit log and configurable user rights. 2. txt"; *** . Any REDCap consortium partner may use those test scripts and other documentation provided by the committee to reduce the burden of implementing a validated system which is one component of study Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) Library What is REDCap API? The REDCap API (Application Programming Interface) is an interface that allows external program applications to connect to REDCap. ,) to the resulting data format when exported to json or csv. The list of IDs is then broken into chunks, each about the size of batch. However, I don't see the necessity of the gateway in the first place if we already have a working API. Its design goes far beyond a 'thin' client which just exposes the raw REDCap API into R. redcapAPI redcapAPI is an R package to pull data from a REDCap project. Jul 22, 2013 · Becuase the API is based on simple HTTP requests, any programming langauge with a HTTP library can use the REDCap API. This is sometimes helpful if the API import fails without providing an informative message. REDCap Mobile App. is in a privacy. REDCap Cloud technology empowers organizations to easily collect, integrate, standardize, analyze, and share real-world, regulatory-grade data for any use case. REDCap-Tools is an organization that fosters interesting projects built against REDCap. What is CDIS? Clinical Data Interoperability Services (CDIS) is an advanced feature of REDCap that must be enabled by a REDCap administrator. Encapsulates functions to streamline calls from R to the REDCap API. Usage redcap_project_info_read( redcap_uri, token, http_response_encoding = "UTF-8 Aug 12, 2016 · The process for using the REDCap API looks similar to the one for Slack (the messaging app) and I've recently published a blog post about that. REDCap has a long list of API endpoints (types of information) that can be extracted. NET The library provides the ability to interact with REDCap via API calls, e. The REDCap application provides research teams an 'easy way to do the right thing' when planning and data collection strategies. How I get it to work? REDCap API – Have external applications connect to REDCap remotely in a programmatic or automated fashion. A token must be included in every API request. . and pull selected information from the EHR into the REDCap project. Data can be collected on the REDCap Mobile App on an iPhone, iPad, or Android phone or tablet. We have no access to, familiarity with, or purview over the other thousands of REDCap systems worldwide. The acronym "API" stands for "Application Programming Interface". g. c:1002)”. REDCap API is an interface that allows external applications to connect to REDCap remotely Can be used for automated data imports/exports from a specified REDCap project API Token Rather than using username/passwords, the REDCap API uses tokens as a means of secure authentication. Description This function exports some of the basic attributes of a given REDCap project, such as the project's title, if it is longitudinal, if surveys are enabled, the time the project was created and moved to production. An API is just a defined way for external applications to connect to REDCap remotely and is used for programmatically retrieving or modifying data or settings within REDCap, such as performing automated data imports/exports to/from a specified REDCap project. Vanderbilt University, with collaboration from a consortium of academic and non-profit institutional partners, develops this In the context of REDCapTidieR, this is the process of using the REDCap API to query data from a REDCap project to make it available inside the R environment. Proper API token management is critical to maintaining the data security of a REDCap project. Lightweight, user-friendly Python client for the REDCap API. This library supports all supported API methods in REDCap. It has many features, including: Online or offline project design Online using the Online Designer or offline using a “data dictionary” template in Microsoft Excel that can be uploaded later into REDCap. Initially, only the primary key is queried through the REDCap API. MyCap makes it Apr 24, 2023 · API (Application Programming Interface) REDCap API (Application Programming Interface) allows external applications to connect to REDCap remotely and is used for programmatically retrieving or modifying data or settings within REDCap, such as performing automated data imports/exports from a specified REDCap project. Learn how to use the REDCap API with SAS, R, and PHP. Data Queries – Document the process of resolving data issues using the Data Resolution Workflow module. Lastly, but the most important with respect to security, is the API token. If your project requires a 21 CFR Part 11 capable instance of REDCap, please Uses project-specific SAS code generated through the REDCap Data Export Tool with a modification (shown below) to the first DATA step in the program to work with the REDCap API data. Developers and projects in this organization have no official ties to REDCap other than a motivation to promote the data management capabilities provided by REDCap’s more advanced tools (namely the API and Data Entry Triggers) to their fullest potential. REDCap API – Have external applications connect to REDCap remotely in a programmatic or automated fashion. Extension can be . Apr 8, 2024 · I am trying to build a pipeline where my source is a rest API, namely REDCap. But everytime you add or update results you need to download the newest data to rerun your analyses, which quickly gets tedious. How to add a filter to a REDCap Report Filter Basics To add filters to a report in REDCap, navigate to your REDCap project and Create a report or edit an existing REDCap report. Once you click on Export Data, REDCap will take you to a screen in which you specify the exported data format (Excel, SAS, Stata, SPSS or R). We are also trying to establish a Personal Gateway between the two, and this is where we are running into issues. This vignette will guide you through the process of using REDCapTidieR to transform your REDCap data into an XLSX document, facilitating easy sharing with colleagues. REDCap is an electronic data capture software that is widely used in the academic research community. REDCap was created in 2004 at Vanderbilt University. Administered by UC Davis Health, IT Health Informatics. But data is so huge, it give timeout (524). Scroll down to Step 3 and begin typing in the filter box, select the field you wish to filter on from the drop-down menu ABSTRACT REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture), a web application for the development and use of online research databases, allows SAS® software users to download automatically-generated SAS code for importing, labeling, and formatting data. A REDCap External Module that provides a link to use to create a Tableau Web Data Connector. This feature allows an individual REDCap project to interact with an electronic health record (EHR) such as EPIC, Cerner, etc. PyCap is designed to be a minimal interface exposing all required and optional API parameters. REDCap Community Site Go to REDCap Community REDCap Community is an online platform for software downloads, extensive technical documentation, a question/answer forum, consortium announcements, committee activities, events, and more. Find out how to get user rights, API token, and API methods for REDCap projects. The RedCap API enables developers to connect low-bandwidth devices with 5G networks, optimizing communication for IoT applications Since RedCap is optimized for low-power, low-data devices, the API is designed with simplicity and REDZone - Using the REDCap API UA CB2: REDCap 531 subscribers Subscribe Subscribed Oct 5, 2018 · *** Text file for API parameters that the define the request sent to REDCap API. REDCap is a free, secure Web application that facilitates the collection and entry of research data. Jun 8, 2025 · Access data stored in 'REDCap' databases using the Application Programming Interface (API). I can't find the redcap custom connector popping up in GetData. org). Availability Software is available at no cost for REDCap A Lightweight Python Client for REDCapredcaplite Lightweight, user-friendly Python client for the REDCap API. There are over 7,000 institutions and 3 million users of REDCap worldwide collecting data Deidentified Batched Calls Batched calls to the API are not a feature of the REDCap API, but may be imposed by making multiple calls to the API. The REDCap Mobile App (offline data collection) and MyCap are two mobile applications that help extended REDCap’s functionality. Jun 8, 2025 · README. py Oct 17, 2024 · Proper API token management is critical to maintaining the data security of a REDCap project. mdredcapAPI redcapAPI is an R package to pull data from a REDCap project. MyCap makes it Can you help? Each REDCap system is independently maintained and supported. Nov 13, 2023 · redcapAPI: Interface to 'REDCap' Access data stored in 'REDCap' databases using the Application Programming Interface (API). Below are some informational REDCap videos that can help you get started and gain a better understanding of the REDCap application and its functionality. Curated instruments have been approved for inclusion by the REDCap Library Oversight Committee (REDLOC) after review for research relevance, accuracy in function and coding (see guidelines), and copyright issues. This function can be more appropriate than redcap_read_oneshot() when returning large datasets that could tie up the server. User-friendly electronic data capture (EDC) tools enable VA users to quickly develop surveys and databases from conception to production on the Web without additional software requirements. REDCap is a free, secure, web-based application designed to support data capture for research studies. Fortunately, several options exist for downloading data from REDCap and loading it into R. The REDCap DTS does not come pre-installed in REDCap but is a separate add-on piece of software that must be installed in addition to REDCap itself. vumc. Learn how to request, use, and secure an API token for REDCap, a web-based data collection tool. It enables a REDCap user with a project API key to have data from their REDCap project downloaded to their Tableau Desktop instance (v10. These REDCap test scripts are all documented on our REDCap Community collaboration/messaging platform and available to all REDCap partner institutions. The system was developed by a multi-institutional consortium initiated at Vanderbilt University. Learn about the infrastructure, data storage, user privileges, authentication, and security of REDCap, a web application for online surveys and databases. Key Features Intuitive interface for the Oct 14, 2024 · In this case, RedCap API will allow developers to integrate RedCap-enabled devices with networks, ensuring smooth communication between IoT devices and 5G systems. org/. NET application which fetches data from REDCap API. org as an endpoint and see what you get. The token allows the user to programmatically access data within the project. size. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. I am using Pycharm in VENV. The REDCap API is an interface that allows user-developed applications to connect to REDCap and programmatically retrieve or modify data and settings within a REDCap project. There are two primary options. Once you have been assigned User Rights for at least one project, a new option link will be displayed on the "My Projects" tab when you log-in to REDCap. This is done through the Fast Healthcare Interoperability NOTE: The Scarlet and Gray instances of REDCap have not been validated for compliance with Title 21 Code of Federal Regulations Part 11 and may not be used for eConsent and/or electronic data capture in FDA-regulated research or for any other research with requirements for which REDCap at OSU have not been validated. I have set up my linked service and dataset but when trying to preview the data, I… This function uses REDCap's API to select and return data in an eav API (Application Programming Interface) REDCap API (Application Programming Interface) allows external applications to connect to REDCap remotely and is used for programmatically retrieving or modifying data or settings within REDCap, such as performing automated data imports/exports from a specified REDCap project. write_redcap_xlsx() also works with add_skimr_metadata() to supply both labelled and unlabelled skimr metadata metrics to your XLSX document. The REDCap Mobile App is a tool for data collectors needing to capture data offline. org SAS Output Excel spreadsheets are an accessible medium for data analysis and collaboration. Information about the REDCap project can be found at https://project-redcap. Thanks to this solution , I'm able to download the data using the following Jun 25, 2024 · This post will walk you through how to set up automated data pulls and summaries from a REDCap database to a secure firewalled server. May 31, 2022 · Redcap is fantastic for storing your valuable research data. It was specifically designed for research data collection which sets it apart from other commercial survey building tools like REDCap is a secure web application for building and managing online surveys and databases. REDCap API What is an API? The acronym "API" stands for "Application Programming Interface". 0+). It is necessary to have an API in order to implement the REDCap Mobile App or to perform data import/export using languages like Tableau. Aug 24, 2023 · Hi All, I am new to Python with no cs background. Manual Import into REDCap via a CSV (or excel file saved as a CSV). This presentation covers API access, user rights, and code examples. We recommend REDCapR in R and PyCap in Python. API based import (search API in this form for more information about the API tools, or go to the REDCap API Playground) Notes on Manual Import: Each project’s import structure is available in REDCap via the menu applications --> Data Import How to prepare more advanced REDCap Reports utilizing filtering, logic and/or live filters. the corresponds “Create capture A similar New fields to instruments the Record” recommended for pictures, to be filled button, disable audio, process is in place file out by for upload aa participant Rename Record the sponsoring and video. REDCap API Library for . Programs talk to the REDCap API over HTTP, the same protocol that your browser uses to visit and interact with web pages. - lsgs/redcap-locking-api We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Loading REDCap Data into R with an API request While most people use the “Data Exports, Reports and Stats” Application built into REDCap, another handy method to get data out of REDCap is an API request. Contact the project owner, system admin, or go through your institution’s REDCap web page to acquire an API token. REDCap (Research Electronic Data CAPture) is a web application for building and managing online surveys and databases developed at Vanderbilt University. Sep 23, 2024 · SAS Output - sesug. By using unlockREDCap, users are able to securely store and manage all of their API tokens; accessing REDCap projects may be done without exposing the tokens in the code. Secure Data Transmission SSL/HTTPS: All data in the REDCap Mobile App that is downloaded from or uploaded to a REDCap server is transmitted using the REDCap API, which is a RESTful web service API. limit in There REDCap. The internals differ in that redcap_read retrieves subsets of the data, and then combines them before returning (among other objects) a single tibble::tibble(). The redcapAPI package facilitates the use of these functions and simplifies the work needed to prepare data for analysis. Its streamlined process for rapidly creating and designing projects offers a vast array of tools that can be tailored to virtually any data collection strategy. dat ***; filename my_in "C:\cchmc_alka\redcap\redcapapi_parameter. Overview The User Access Dashboard is available for users who have been assigned User Rights for one or more REDCap projects. Analysis in R Jun 8, 2025 · REDCap provides an API through which data, the data dictionary, files, and project information can be accessed. To use the REDCap API, you must know the following: The API URL for your site’s REDCap installation. We cannot address questions about your particular project or how to use its features. g Import Records, Export Records etc. There are quite a few posts introducing how to export data from REDCap using R packages such as RCurl and REDCapR, but rarely I find information on how to import back to a different project after we are done with data manipulation. Jun 8, 2025 · REDCap provides an API through which data, the data dictionary, files, and project information can be accessed. Purpose Vanderbilt’s REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) is a secure web application for building and managing online surveys and databases. txt, . This is a checklist for troubleshooting exports. The Stata do-files included here give examples of how you can utilise Apr 24, 2023 · API (Application Programming Interface) REDCap API (Application Programming Interface) allows external applications to connect to REDCap remotely and is used for programmatically retrieving or modifying data or settings within REDCap, such as performing automated data imports/exports from a specified REDCap project. Find out how to request an API token, set user rights, and use content parameters and format fields. The REDCap REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) is a secure web platform for building and managing online surveys and databases. Mar 31, 2016 · While REDCap can be used to collect virtually any type of data, it is specifically geared to support data capture for clinical research and trials. The process of batching the export requires that an initial call be made to the API to retrieve only the record IDs. The REDCap API is an interface that allows external applications to connect to REDCap remotely, and is used for programmatically retrieving or modifying data or settings within REDCap. So, we have a working connection between the PowerBI Desktop File and RedCap via a Python API (this part works fine!). Peruse the offerings here for how to use REDCap. To the top Keywords: security, accounts, audit Suggest keywords Doc ID: 121747 Owned by: Amy S. The Application Programming Interface (API) offers an avenue to access and modify data programmatically, improving the capacity for literate and reproducible programming. elkyh btle yubfi cfv khpwmk ywd jjjhgx lqj obk rulljtb bnqe bnjgv lxtsuov pxle mnkfk