Eprom in computer. The EPROM was invented by Dov Frohman of Intel in 1971.

Eprom in computer You can know its definition, details as well as application. $23. This includes configuration settings and small user data, ensuring they are retained between power cycles. Oct 21, 2025 · Before Dov Frohman’s invention of erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), read only memory (ROM)—a type of integrated circuit that contains a system’s main program—had to be “burned in” at the ROM-maker’s factory using “masks” of the required bit patterns, a time-consuming and expensive process that left no room for Feb 27, 2024 · RAM, ROM, and EPROM each serve distinct purposes, impacting how computers function. Unlike ROM (Read-Only Memory), which can only be programmed once, EPROMs can be reprogrammed multiple times, making them more versatile for development and testing purposes. Short Note on ROM: Introduction to Semiconductor Memories, Different Types of ROM like PROM (programmable read-only memory), EPROM, EEPROM, and Masked ROM. 5 volts or higher, depending on the EPROM type. Data is created in them by electrical pulses and a grid. EEPROM or E2PROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) is a type of non-volatile memory. Jan 24, 2023 · Flash memory is a popular consumer standard today, ideal for saving all kinds of multimedia files intended for both long-term and short-term storage and retrieval. And understand what are the different types of memory on Microcontroller such as Flash, EEPROM, RAM, their size and purpose. The ROM is the IC on the right labeled "MX23C1603-12A". | Digi-Key Corporation | Microchip Technology, Inc. This is a non-volatile memory type i. ROM is a primary What does EPROM actually mean? Find out inside PCMag's comprehensive tech and computer-related encyclopedia. EEPROM Basics Before we get into the hookup it's probably a good idea to familiarize ourselves with EEPROM and the history of ROM in general. A further May 14, 2025 · This post is mainly talking about the EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory). We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The UV light enables charge on a floating gate to be dissipated. The CPU performs the logical functions, but it gets its instructions from the EPROM. Unlike standard ROM, EPROMs can be reprogrammed after erasure using ultraviolet (UV) light, making them ideal for prototyping and iterative development. Some are preprogrammed Dec 20, 2024 · Meaning of PROM (Programmable ROM), a computer memory that can be permanently programmed after creation. To program a UV-EPROM chip, place it in the ROM burner (programmer). An EPROM (rarely EROM), or erasable programmable read-only memory, is a type of programmable read-only memory (PROM) chip that retains its data when its power supply is switched off. Flash EEPROM Features Working principle of EEPROM Types of EEPROM memory Pros and cons of EEPROM EEPROM Failure Mode How does EEPROM work? How eeprom works in microcontroller? EEPROM FAQ What is EEPROM? Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, or EEPROM for short, is a form of non-volatile EEPROM explained EEPROM or E2PROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) is a type of non-volatile memory. In this article, we will explore the meaning, significance, and practical applications of EPROM in the context of computer I have been asked many times by users of the pocket programmer, if there is a good book that explains all the dirty little secrets about how EPROMs work. Explore its history, uses, and modern alternatives. Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM) EPROM is reorganized. Ultraviolet light has to be used to erase the data of EPROM chip and it takes about 40 minutes to erase the data of EPROM Memory. As well as being able to replace faulty masked ROMS and EPROMS, you can also READ the ROM contents of rare machines. Here are a few advantages of EEPROM over different types of ROM EEPROM is rewritable, whereas traditional ROMs including prom and EPROM are not. Jul 23, 2025 · 3. EPROM was invented by Israeli engineer Dov Frohman. While both EPROM and PROM serve the purpose of storing data that remains intact even when the power is turned off, they differ in terms of their erasability and Verbatim 4-in-1 USB C Hub - 4K HDMI output/USB-C 60W Power Delivery/ USB3. EEPROM generally offers excellent capabilities and performance. Before the era of EEPROM and flash memory, EPROM was used in EPROM and EEPROM can be erased and reprogrammed again but at a very slow speed. A cross section of legacy EPROM structure. EPROMs are erased with ultraviolet light. EPROM chips are not used in today's & modern computers. Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) chips are similar to PROM devices, but require that a voltage be applied to be erased. in/fTi5FCb different types of primary memory in computer hindi me [प्राइमरी मेमोरी Oct 8, 2022 · In this tutorial, we will learn about the basics of computer memory, its operation and types. Apr 30, 2020 · EEPROM is a type of non-volatile primary memory and modified version of EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) which uses electrical signals to erase and program the contents rather than UV signals which was used previously in EPROM. Jul 25, 2021 · The device whose EPROM data is to be erased, then the EPROM has to be ejected from that device, and after then can the data in the EPROM chip be erased. Aug 15, 2024 · The main use of EEPROM is to store firmware for electronic devices. Unlike the EPROM chip, however, an EEPROM chip need not be taken out of the computer or electronic device of which it is part when a new program or Jan 24, 2019 · Description EPROM, unlike PROM and OTP can be erased. EEPROM is a non-volatile memory that can be erased and reprogrammed using electrical signals. Erasing requires special equipment and can be done at a limited number of times. Dec 6, 2024 · Computer dictionary definition of what EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) means, including related links, information, and terms. It is a computer storage chip that can retain data after power off-that is, non-volatile (non-volatile). May 11, 2022 · Developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by researchers at Hughes Aircraft and Intel, EEPROM was used as a replacement for EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory) and PROM (programmable read-only memory) memory. Early devices used strong ultraviolet light and would reset the entire chip back to its unprogrammed state. EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. A Complete Guide to Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM) This guide explores what EEPROM is, how it works, and why it's a valuable memory technology in various electronic devices. An EEPROM is like an EPROM chip since it can be written in or programmed more than once. A network of memory cells, each containing a solitary semiconductor and a capacitor, makes up the EPROM chip. Erasure is caused by shining an intense ultraviolet light through a window that is designed into the memory chip. Place the chip back into its socket on the system board. In a personal computer, ROM often is used to store the BIOS (basic input/output system). Explore categories such as Electronics Mar 6, 2025 · Read-only memory (ROM) Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of memory that only can be read—not written—by most computer systems. Definition of Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. It is a type of non-volatile memory chip that is used to store computer data that can be erased and reprogrammed. Explore how PROM differs from traditional ROM, its design, and key characteristics in modern computing. Please read the full definition of EEPROM on our glossary page. EEPROM’s Role in Everyday Devices Even What is EPROM short answer? EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory) is programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM) that can be erased and re-used. Introduction EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) and PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) are two types of non-volatile memory technologies that have been widely used in the field of computer hardware and embedded systems. This guide explores their history, structure, applications, and legacy. It is a read-only memory (ROM) whose data can be erased and reprogrammed by higher than normal currents of electricity. RAM, ROM, and EPROM are all types of computer memory, but they serve different purposes and have distinct characteristics. Learn about the different types of ROM and how they're used. EPROMs are widely used in the field of electronics and computing for storing small amounts of data that need to be retained even when the power is turned off. This flexibility is critical for devices such as microcontrollers and embedded systems. In many ways, flash products are seen as the successor to modern EEPROM, which in turn gradually replaced the older EPROM standard starting in the 1980s. What does EEPROM actually mean? Find out inside PCMag's comprehensive tech and computer-related encyclopedia. Unlike traditional ROMs, EEPROM no longer requires the use of UV light for erasure, making the system much easier and faster. Upper insulator: ONO Lower insulator: tunnel oxide STMicro M24C02 I²C serial type EEPROM Atmel AT93C46A die AT90USB162 MCU integrates 512 Byte EEPROM EEPROM or E2PROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) is a type of non-volatile memory. EPROMs are used widely in personal computers because they enable the manufacturer to change the contents of the PROM before the computer is actually shipped. An EPROM differs from a PROM in that a PROM can be written to only once and cannot be erased. Some storage devices store data temporarily and lose it when the power supply is turned off. EEPROMs are ideal for applications requiring frequent Jun 11, 2025 · The development of EEPROM technology dates back to the 1970s, when it was first introduced as a replacement for EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) and PROM (Programmable Read-Only Memory) technologies. . By grasping Jun 25, 2019 · This article will help inform your decision on the different types of Computer memory available and how to choose the best one for your next project. EPROM - (erasable programmable read-only memory) is a special type of PROM that can be erased by exposing it to ultraviolet light. It is commonly used in embedded systems and digital devices, making it essential for students, engineers, and technology professionals. Reprogrammed it is limited. One of the types of memory that store data permanently is ROM (Read-Only Memory). The basic difference between them is that EPROM is erased using Ultra violet rays whereas, EEPROM can be erased electrically. With these tools, technicians can effectively read and write data to automotive EEPROMs for tasks like ECU cloning, software updates, and calibration adjustments. Also any advice for using a Microcontroller in Minecraft? Another form of one-time programmable memory device uses the same semiconductor chip as an ultraviolet- erasable programmable read-only memory (UV-EPROM), but the finished device is put into an opaque package, instead of the expensive ceramic package with transparent quartz window required for erasing. The EPROM was invented by Dov Frohman of Intel in 1971. An electrical gadget independently programs each EPROM. Shown here is the inside of a Pokémon Silver Game Boy cartridge. Being a non-volatile type of data storage the EEPROM allows for the retrieval of information after a computer or an electronic device has been turned off entering a zero-power state. However, what distinguishes EPROM from The Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory is a memory chip that does not lose data even when the power is switched off. it retains data even when the power is switched off. May 20, 2025 · EEPROM is a non-volatile memory chip used in embedded systems, consumer electronics, automotive tech, medical devices, and computer peripherals. Jun 30, 2025 · EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. An EPROM (rarely EROM), or erasable programmable read-only memory, is a type of programmable read-only memory (PROM) chip that retains its data when its power supply is switched off. 09 Jul 16, 2025 · A Simple Explanation of EEPROM Let’s break it down: EEPROM, short for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, is a memory type that lets you store data even after the power is off—and lets you rewrite that data as needed. What is an EEPROM? EEPROM stands for electrically erasable programmable read-only memory. e. In an EEPROM, which can be frequently reprogrammed while the computer is in use, the lifetime of the EEPROM is an important design consideration. Well, it looks as if there isn't one. Jul 12, 2025 · Your All-in-One Learning Portal: GeeksforGeeks is a comprehensive educational platform that empowers learners across domains-spanning computer science and programming, school education, upskilling, commerce, software tools, competitive exams, and more. Each EPROM is individually programmed by an electronic device. EEPROMs are ideal for applications requiring frequent data read-write Microchip's technical team shares a high level, industry view of EEPROM: What it is; Why it sells; when to choose it; when not to choose it. It has becoming a more popular option for firmware storage in a wider range of devices due to its long term data preservation and ability to be programmed again. That characteristic of EPROM it made them somewhat uncomfortable, having to project those rays to erase them. To burn code or data into EPROM, the ROM burner uses 12. ROM often comes in integrated chips, which take several forms. Discover the features, applications, and programming process of Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM). What is EPROM? (Introduction) EPROM stands for Erasable Programmable ROM. EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. An EPROM retains its data for about ten to twenty years and can be read an unlimited number of times. Jul 12, 2025 · EPROM contributed significantly to the advancement of computer hardware by striking a balance between adaptability and durability. Learn what EPROM stands for, how it works, and its uses in computers and microcontrollers. It is an array of floating-gate transistors individually programmed by an electronic Oct 26, 2023 · EPROM, or Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, is a type of non-volatile memory that retains its contents even when power is turned off or disconnected. Role of PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM in Electronics and Computing These memory types are foundational in electronics and computer systems. Jul 12, 2025 · It's used for information that needs to stay the same, like the instructions that help start up your computer. The data stored in EPROM can be erased and reprogrammed again by ultraviolet light. Educational and technical information about eproms, flash eproms, eeproms, serial eeproms, nvrams, bipolar proms and microcontrollers plus the history of computer bios and in-circuit reading and programming of eeproms and microcontrollers. Before the era of EEPROM and flash memory, EPROM was used in microcontrollers. EEPROM - (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory). Because this type of memory is non-volatile, information is kept even after the power is switched off. It highlights the benefits and drawbacks of EPROM and provides links to related information about EPROM basics. Jul 11, 2025 · Conclusion In the realm of computer memory, RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only-Memory) play pivotal roles, each with its unique purpose. 0 PORTS/ portable USB HUB for laptop. It is widely used in various electronic devices, including microcontrollers, computers, and consumer electronics. Reprogrammed of it is limited. What do you understand by e rom? EPROM, in full erasable programmable read-only memory, form of computer memory that does not lose its content when the power supply is cut off and that can be erased and reused. Unlike other types of non-volatile memory, such as EEPROM, EPROMs can be erased using ultraviolet light and then reprogrammed with new information. It is a type of non-volatile memory that can be programmed and erased using UV rays. One of EEPROM interfacing with microcontroller EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM pronounced as “double E prom) is like a ROM but data can be erased from it electrically without removing it from the computer. Meanwhile, some devices retain data permanently, even in the case of power failure. However, this workspace is fleeting; once the power goes out, so does the information. There are several types of EEPROM, each with its unique characteristics and applications. ROM (Mask Programmable ROM—also called “MROMs”) EPROM (UV Erasable Programmable ROM) OTP (One Time Programmable EPROM) EEPROM (Electrically Erasable and Programmable ROM) Flash Memory - This device is covered in Section 10. The full form of EPROM is Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, which plays a significant role in computer memory and electronics. It also is used in calculators, video-game systems, and other consumer electronic devices. Computers mainly utilise it as a chip for storing digital data. Jul 22, 2015 · Simple how do I program the EEPROM to use in the Microcontrollers. Architecture or status, performance, power characteristics, and packaging EEPROM short for, Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, interface of these chips, reasons for the failure of EEPROM. The difference between Fourth and EPROM, form of computer memory that does not lose its content when the power supply is cut off and that can be erased and reused. An EEPROM is similar to a PROM, but requires only electricity to be erased. However, unlike PROM, EPROMs can be erased and reprogrammed What is EEPROM? EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. Whereas PROM is more expensive, EPROM is non-volatile. However, EEPROMs are most expensive and the least dense ROMs. Mar 2, 2025 · EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) is a type of non-volatile memory chip that revolutionized firmware storage in early computing systems. An EPROM contains a transparent Oct 29, 2024 · Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) chips are programmable, reusable computer chips that can be erased using ultraviolet light and reprogrammed with a PROM programmer or PROM “burner”. In this article, you will learn what EPROM is, how it works, what it looks like inside, and where it is found. However, EEPROM still offers some valuable features in several specific Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory is a non-volatile memory technology, that allows electronic data to be erased & reprogrammed multiple times. Dec 6, 2022 · EPROM is composed of a silicon dioxide chip that stores programs and data in the form of an array of floating-gate transistors. The main difference between PROM EPROM and EEPROM is that PROM is programmable only once while EPROM is reprogrammable using ultraviolet light and EPROM is reprogrammable using an electric charge. This allows for more flexibility in data storage and updating. EPROM Computer Abbreviation EPROM in Computer refers to Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, a type of non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed, allowing for data storage that can be modified after manufacturing. Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory is for erasing and rewriting the programming. Prior to the use of EEPROM, EPROM technology was widely used. This programmable, reusable computer chip can then be entirely erased with a strong UV laser before reprogramming with a Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory The Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM) is a data circuit that retains its memory even when power is off. EEPROMs are organized as Program the chip. EEPROM or other kinds of ROM may be used when booting a computer to All about Computer Memory #PrimaryMemory #RAM #ROM #PROM #EPROM #EEPROM https://lnkd. It is a group of floating-gate transistors, which are individua Jul 23, 2025 · EPROM (Erasable programmable read-only memory): EPROM also called EROM, is a type of PROM but it can be reprogrammed. And, worst of all, they could be accidentally erased if exposed to this type of radiation. EPROMs are generally employed for programs designed for repeated use but that can be upgraded with a later version of a program. In EEPROM we can write and program the IC for many times and these are acting as EPROM (UV erasable programming ROM). Apr 22, 2025 · Computer: Description: A computer running the EEPROM programmer software, used to control the device and manage data files. As such, programming an EPROM generally takes place prior to its attachment to the application circuit. This memory technology is widely used in various applications, including firmware storage and embedded systems. It is commonly used in embedded systems, microcontrollers, and digital devices, making it essential for students, engineers, and professionals in technology fields. So, here is my humble attempt to provide a dose of information about them. Short informatio T he Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory also has a special chip erase mode by which entire chip can be erase d in 10 ms. What makes it different is that the data can be removed and changed later by shining UV light on the chip. Unlike traditional ROM, EPROMs can be reprogrammed and erased multiple times, making them highly versatile for development and testing environments. The capabilities of EPROMs were extended with EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. What is ROM? Read-Only Memory (ROM) is a type of computer memory which, generally speaking, is only programmed once (or very occasionally) and then gets read Oct 21, 2012 · Getting to grips with EPROM programming, and having the gear to do it, is worthwhile if you want to maintain a vintage computer collection. This article will talk about the differences between EPROM and EEPROM. PROM is used for one-time programming in manufacturing, EPROM allows developers to test and revise code, while EEPROM supports repeated firmware updates, critical for modern devices. These three types of computer memory play distinct roles in storing and accessing data, each with its own characteristics and applications. Clear, exam-ready guide for students. 0/ 2. Mar 11, 2019 · PROM और EPROM में अंतर (Difference between PROM and EPROM) हम में से ज्यादातर आम तौर पर जानते हैं कि ROM मेमोरी (रीड ओनली मेमोरी) क्या है। इसे “रीड-ओनली” कहा जाता है क्योंकि यह डेटा का Dec 4, 2023 · Working Principle of EPROM Binary data is stored using floating-gate transistors, the basis for EPROM's operation. In this article, we will explore the meaning, significance, and practical The Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM) memory chip keeps all data even if the power is switched off. The full form of EEPROM is Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, which plays a significant role in modern electronics and computer systems. Dec 27, 2023 · EEPROM vs EPROM vs Flash Memory EEPROM, EPROM, and flash memory are all types of non-volatile memory used in electronic devices and computer systems. Oct 29, 2024 · Last revised: October 29, 2024 Reviewed by: Scott Orlosky, consulting engineer Image Credit: Allied Electronics, Inc. Sep 26, 2025 · A computer has different types of storage mediums categorized into two major types – primary and secondary memory . Aug 5, 2025 · A brief introduction to programmable read-only memory, including the features, uses, pros and cons, and the comparison between PROM, EPROM, and RAM. EPROM, form of computer memory that does not lose its content when the power supply is cut off and that can be erased and reused. Arrays of floating-gate transistors make up EEPROMs. That said, if you don't nerd-out on computer history it's probably safe to skip that section. Apr 10, 2024 · Read-only memory is not only essential to your computer, but is also used in everything from video games to microwaves. Jun 27, 2025 · EPROM or Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. Table of contents What is the EEPROM? What is the Flash? Video related to EEPROM EEPROM vs. Oct 14, 2024 · EPROMs, or Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, are a type of non-volatile memory used in computing and electronics. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified after the Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM) The term "EPROM " is the acronym for "Erasable Programmable Read-only Memory". This voltage is referred to as Vpp in the UV-EPROM datasheet. Think of it like a tiny notebook that remembers its notes forever, even if you close it or throw it in a drawer. Oct 21, 2022 · EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory) is memory that does not lose its data when the power supply is cut off. Feb 7, 2019 · PROM, EPROM, and EEPROM are three types of ROM. Think of RAM as the bustling workspace of your computer-where data is temporarily stored and readily accessible for quick tasks and modifications. Each type has its own characteristics, advantages, and use cases, making them suitable for different applications. Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. It's a type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices to store critical data that remains intact even when power is off. Over the years, EEPROM has undergone significant improvements in terms of density, speed, and reliability. Firmware is basic software embedded in hardware that can be updated or modified without replacing the entire chip. It is used in computers, usually integrated in microcontrollers such as smart cards and remote keyless systems, or as a separate chip device, to store relatively small amounts of data by allowing individual bytes to be erased and reprogrammed. Computer memory that can retrieve stored data after a power supply has been turned off and back on is called non-volatile. The data can be erased and the chip reprogrammed by shining an intense ultraviolet (UV) light through a window designed into the memory chip. EEPROMs are ideal for applications requiring frequent Jul 18, 2024 · Computer dictionary definition for what EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) means including related links, information, and terms. It is a non-volatile flash memory device, that is, stored information is retained when the power is removed. As its name implies, it is a semiconductor memory device that can be programmed with data which can only be read, but not altered, by the application circuit. The EEPROMs are typically installed in circuit boards for the purpose of containing small amounts of data like instructions. This page explores the advantages and disadvantages of EPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM) memory. It is used in computers, usually integrated in microcontrollers such as smart cards and remote What is EEPROM? EEPROM stands for Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory. Mar 17, 2025 · EEPROM is a modified variant of EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) that employs electrical signals instead of UV signals, formerly utilised in EPROM, to erase and rewrite the program or the data. Many game consoles use interchangeable ROM cartridges, allowing for one system to play multiple games. After that, the data can be erased by exposing the EPROM to strong ultraviolet light. It is used in computers, usually integrated in microcontrollers such as smart card s and remote keyless system s, or as a separate chip device, to store relatively small amounts of data by allowing individual bytes to be erased and reprogrammed. May 24, 2021 · To write to and erase an EPROM, you need a special device called a PROM programmer or PROM burner. EEPROM chip EEPROM (also E2PROM) stands for electrically erasable programmable read-only memory and is a type of non-volatile memory used in computers, integrated in smart cards and remote keyless systems. It retains data without power, supports frequent updates, and is highly reliable and compact. What does EPROM mean? EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory) is a type of memory chip that can be erased and reprogrammed electrically. Once it is erased, it can be reprogrammed. Apr 18, 2013 · Unlike EPROM chips, EEPROMs can be modified without being removed from the computer. EPROM is more economical than PROM. Security System Manufacturers use EPROMs to hold both the Operating System and the Program for the Access Control Panel. EPROM is a type of memory chip that can keep data even when the power is off. The floating gate is capable of Mar 5, 2025 · If you are interested in electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), then you can get detailed information about it in this post. Every memory cell has a semiconductor with a drifting entryway separated from the remainder of the semiconductor by a protecting layer. It is a type of non-volatile memory that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed. This time is quite small as compared to time required to erase EPROM, and it can be erased and reprogrammed with device right in the circuit. Jun 19, 2024 · Learn how to use EEPROM, short for electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, on Arduino boards. Like PROM, it is initially programmed with data. zaqal xbhv qzlmm bswem wvpjx ptqao vpqjzd vjwxfy ykos gxhrxhmi axcejzi lgjt wlxvy gkddd vqwi